[libcamera-devel] [PATCH v2] libcamera: color_space: Rename Jpeg to Sycc

paul.elder at ideasonboard.com paul.elder at ideasonboard.com
Thu Aug 25 17:52:07 CEST 2022


On Tue, Aug 23, 2022 at 02:45:51PM +0300, Laurent Pinchart via libcamera-devel wrote:
> The JPEG color space is badly name, as the JPEG specification (ITU-T
> T.81) doesn't define any particular color space:
> 
>     The interchange format does not specify a complete coded image
>     representation. Application-dependent information, e.g. colour
>     space, is outside the scope of this Specification.
> 
> The JFIF specification (ITU-T T.871) is clearer as it requires ITU-R
> BT.601 YCbCr encoding and a full quantization range:
> 
>   The interpretations of Y, CB, and CR are derived from the E'Y, E'Cb,
>   and E'Cr signals defined in the 625-line specification of Rec. ITU-R
>   BT.601, but these signals are normalized so as to permit the usage of
>   the full range of 256 levels of the 8-bit binary encoding of the Y
>   component.
> 
> It however doesn't specify color primaries or a transfer function
> explicitly. It only mentions the latter when describing the conversion
> from YCbCr to RGB:
> 
>   The inverse relationship for computing full scale 8-bit per colour
>   channel gamma pre-corrected RGB values (following Rec. ITU-R BT.601
>   gamma pre-correction and colour primary specifications) from YCbCr
>   colours (with 256 levels per component) can be computed as follows:
>   [...]
> 
> Given that ITU-R BT.601-5 (1995) didn't specify color primaries or a
> transfer function, and that the later ITU-R BT.601-7 (2011) version
> specifies color primaries for the 625-line variant that do not match
> sRGB, the JPEG color space in libcamera is badly named. This is
> confirmed by ITU-T T.871:
> 
>   As this Recommendation | International Standard is based on the prior
>   informally-circulated JFIF version 1.02 specification that was
>   produced in 1992, which referenced Rec. ITU-R BT.601 (formerly CCIR
>   601), it references that specification for definition of the E'Y,
>   E'Cb, and E'Cr signals that correspond to the YCBCR values specified
>   herein. However, since the development of the prior JFIF version 1.02
>   specification, additional industry specifications have been developed,
>   Rec. ITU-R BT.601 has been updated, and common industry practice has
>   emerged which often follows the sYCC specification in IEC
>   61966-2-1/Amd.1. The difference between the use of the colour
>   interpretation specification in this Recommendation | International
>   Standard and that of the sYCC specification may be considered
>   negligible in practice.
> 
> Rename the color space to sYCC, as its definition matches the sYCC
> standard, and indicate that it is typically used to encode JPEG images.
> 
> Signed-off-by: Laurent Pinchart <laurent.pinchart at ideasonboard.com>
> Reviewed-by: Umang Jain <umang.jain at ideasonboard.com>

Reviewed-by: Paul Elder <paul.elder at ideasonboard.com>

> ---
> Changes since v1:
> 
> - Rename more instances of JPEG to sYCC
> - Reword the references to the V4L2 documentation
> ---
>  include/libcamera/color_space.h               |  2 +-
>  src/libcamera/color_space.cpp                 | 43 +++++++++++--------
>  .../pipeline/raspberrypi/raspberrypi.cpp      | 10 ++---
>  src/libcamera/v4l2_device.cpp                 |  4 +-
>  src/py/libcamera/py_main.cpp                  |  2 +-
>  5 files changed, 34 insertions(+), 27 deletions(-)
> 
> diff --git a/include/libcamera/color_space.h b/include/libcamera/color_space.h
> index 0d39fbc02220..8030a264c66f 100644
> --- a/include/libcamera/color_space.h
> +++ b/include/libcamera/color_space.h
> @@ -46,8 +46,8 @@ public:
>  	}
>  
>  	static const ColorSpace Raw;
> -	static const ColorSpace Jpeg;
>  	static const ColorSpace Srgb;
> +	static const ColorSpace Sycc;
>  	static const ColorSpace Smpte170m;
>  	static const ColorSpace Rec709;
>  	static const ColorSpace Rec2020;
> diff --git a/src/libcamera/color_space.cpp b/src/libcamera/color_space.cpp
> index caf397607b10..f0d6109ac4fb 100644
> --- a/src/libcamera/color_space.cpp
> +++ b/src/libcamera/color_space.cpp
> @@ -29,21 +29,28 @@ namespace libcamera {
>   * (sometimes also referred to as the quantisation) of the color space.
>   *
>   * Certain combinations of these fields form well-known standard color
> - * spaces such as "JPEG" or "REC709".
> + * spaces such as "sRGB" or "Rec709".
>   *
>   * In the strictest sense a "color space" formally only refers to the
>   * color primaries and white point. Here, however, the ColorSpace class
>   * adopts the common broader usage that includes the transfer function,
>   * Y'CbCr encoding method and quantisation.
>   *
> - * For more information on the specific color spaces described here, please
> - * see:
> + * More information on color spaces is available in the V4L2 documentation, see
> + * in particular
>   *
>   * - <a href="https://www.kernel.org/doc/html/latest/userspace-api/media/v4l/colorspaces-details.html#col-srgb">sRGB</a>
>   * - <a href="https://www.kernel.org/doc/html/latest/userspace-api/media/v4l/colorspaces-details.html#col-jpeg">JPEG</a>
>   * - <a href="https://www.kernel.org/doc/html/latest/userspace-api/media/v4l/colorspaces-details.html#col-smpte-170m">SMPTE 170M</a>
>   * - <a href="https://www.kernel.org/doc/html/latest/userspace-api/media/v4l/colorspaces-details.html#col-rec709">Rec.709</a>
>   * - <a href="https://www.kernel.org/doc/html/latest/userspace-api/media/v4l/colorspaces-details.html#col-bt2020">Rec.2020</a>
> + *
> + * Note that there is no guarantee of a 1:1 mapping between color space names
> + * and definitions in libcamera and V4L2. A notable difference is that the sYCC
> + * libcamera color space is called JPEG in V4L2 due to historical reasons.
> + *
> + * \todo Define the color space fully in the libcamera API to avoid referencing
> + * V4L2
>   */
>  
>  /**
> @@ -121,8 +128,8 @@ namespace libcamera {
>   * \brief Assemble and return a readable string representation of the
>   * ColorSpace
>   *
> - * If the color space matches a standard ColorSpace (such as ColorSpace::Jpeg)
> - * then the short name of the color space ("JPEG") is returned. Otherwise
> + * If the color space matches a standard ColorSpace (such as ColorSpace::Sycc)
> + * then the short name of the color space ("sYCC") is returned. Otherwise
>   * the four constituent parts of the ColorSpace are assembled into a longer
>   * string.
>   *
> @@ -134,8 +141,8 @@ std::string ColorSpace::toString() const
>  
>  	static const std::array<std::pair<ColorSpace, const char *>, 6> colorSpaceNames = { {
>  		{ ColorSpace::Raw, "RAW" },
> -		{ ColorSpace::Jpeg, "JPEG" },
>  		{ ColorSpace::Srgb, "sRGB" },
> +		{ ColorSpace::Sycc, "sYCC" },
>  		{ ColorSpace::Smpte170m, "SMPTE170M" },
>  		{ ColorSpace::Rec709, "Rec709" },
>  		{ ColorSpace::Rec2020, "Rec2020" },
> @@ -242,21 +249,10 @@ const ColorSpace ColorSpace::Raw = {
>  	Range::Full
>  };
>  
> -/**
> - * \brief A constant representing the JPEG color space used for
> - * encoding JPEG images
> - */
> -const ColorSpace ColorSpace::Jpeg = {
> -	Primaries::Rec709,
> -	TransferFunction::Srgb,
> -	YcbcrEncoding::Rec601,
> -	Range::Full
> -};
> -
>  /**
>   * \brief A constant representing the sRGB color space
>   *
> - * This is identical to the JPEG color space except that the Y'CbCr
> + * This is identical to the sYCC color space except that the Y'CbCr
>   * range is limited rather than full.
>   */
>  const ColorSpace ColorSpace::Srgb = {
> @@ -266,6 +262,17 @@ const ColorSpace ColorSpace::Srgb = {
>  	Range::Limited
>  };
>  
> +/**
> + * \brief A constant representing the sYCC color space, typically used for
> + * encoding JPEG images
> + */
> +const ColorSpace ColorSpace::Sycc = {
> +	Primaries::Rec709,
> +	TransferFunction::Srgb,
> +	YcbcrEncoding::Rec601,
> +	Range::Full
> +};
> +
>  /**
>   * \brief A constant representing the SMPTE170M color space
>   */
> diff --git a/src/libcamera/pipeline/raspberrypi/raspberrypi.cpp b/src/libcamera/pipeline/raspberrypi/raspberrypi.cpp
> index e895584d4fbc..b4094898ca6c 100644
> --- a/src/libcamera/pipeline/raspberrypi/raspberrypi.cpp
> +++ b/src/libcamera/pipeline/raspberrypi/raspberrypi.cpp
> @@ -593,11 +593,11 @@ CameraConfiguration *PipelineHandlerRPi::generateConfiguration(Camera *camera,
>  			fmts = data->isp_[Isp::Output0].dev()->formats();
>  			pixelFormat = formats::NV12;
>  			/*
> -			 * Still image codecs usually expect the JPEG color space.
> +			 * Still image codecs usually expect the sYCC color space.
>  			 * Even RGB codecs will be fine as the RGB we get with the
> -			 * JPEG color space is the same as sRGB.
> +			 * sYCC color space is the same as sRGB.
>  			 */
> -			colorSpace = ColorSpace::Jpeg;
> +			colorSpace = ColorSpace::Sycc;
>  			/* Return the largest sensor resolution. */
>  			size = sensorSize;
>  			bufferCount = 1;
> @@ -628,7 +628,7 @@ CameraConfiguration *PipelineHandlerRPi::generateConfiguration(Camera *camera,
>  		case StreamRole::Viewfinder:
>  			fmts = data->isp_[Isp::Output0].dev()->formats();
>  			pixelFormat = formats::ARGB8888;
> -			colorSpace = ColorSpace::Jpeg;
> +			colorSpace = ColorSpace::Sycc;
>  			size = { 800, 600 };
>  			bufferCount = 4;
>  			outCount++;
> @@ -835,7 +835,7 @@ int PipelineHandlerRPi::configure(Camera *camera, CameraConfiguration *config)
>  		format.size = maxSize;
>  		format.fourcc = dev->toV4L2PixelFormat(formats::YUV420);
>  		/* No one asked for output, so the color space doesn't matter. */
> -		format.colorSpace = ColorSpace::Jpeg;
> +		format.colorSpace = ColorSpace::Sycc;
>  		ret = dev->setFormat(&format);
>  		if (ret) {
>  			LOG(RPI, Error)
> diff --git a/src/libcamera/v4l2_device.cpp b/src/libcamera/v4l2_device.cpp
> index 3fc8438f6579..b22a981ff1a6 100644
> --- a/src/libcamera/v4l2_device.cpp
> +++ b/src/libcamera/v4l2_device.cpp
> @@ -745,8 +745,8 @@ void V4L2Device::eventAvailable()
>  
>  static const std::map<uint32_t, ColorSpace> v4l2ToColorSpace = {
>  	{ V4L2_COLORSPACE_RAW, ColorSpace::Raw },
> -	{ V4L2_COLORSPACE_JPEG, ColorSpace::Jpeg },
>  	{ V4L2_COLORSPACE_SRGB, ColorSpace::Srgb },
> +	{ V4L2_COLORSPACE_JPEG, ColorSpace::Sycc },
>  	{ V4L2_COLORSPACE_SMPTE170M, ColorSpace::Smpte170m },
>  	{ V4L2_COLORSPACE_REC709, ColorSpace::Rec709 },
>  	{ V4L2_COLORSPACE_BT2020, ColorSpace::Rec2020 },
> @@ -771,8 +771,8 @@ static const std::map<uint32_t, ColorSpace::Range> v4l2ToRange = {
>  
>  static const std::vector<std::pair<ColorSpace, v4l2_colorspace>> colorSpaceToV4l2 = {
>  	{ ColorSpace::Raw, V4L2_COLORSPACE_RAW },
> -	{ ColorSpace::Jpeg, V4L2_COLORSPACE_JPEG },
>  	{ ColorSpace::Srgb, V4L2_COLORSPACE_SRGB },
> +	{ ColorSpace::Sycc, V4L2_COLORSPACE_JPEG },
>  	{ ColorSpace::Smpte170m, V4L2_COLORSPACE_SMPTE170M },
>  	{ ColorSpace::Rec709, V4L2_COLORSPACE_REC709 },
>  	{ ColorSpace::Rec2020, V4L2_COLORSPACE_BT2020 },
> diff --git a/src/py/libcamera/py_main.cpp b/src/py/libcamera/py_main.cpp
> index 7e613a3f2a5a..75947889f7b1 100644
> --- a/src/py/libcamera/py_main.cpp
> +++ b/src/py/libcamera/py_main.cpp
> @@ -463,8 +463,8 @@ PYBIND11_MODULE(_libcamera, m)
>  		.def_readwrite("ycbcrEncoding", &ColorSpace::ycbcrEncoding)
>  		.def_readwrite("range", &ColorSpace::range)
>  		.def_static("Raw", []() { return ColorSpace::Raw; })
> -		.def_static("Jpeg", []() { return ColorSpace::Jpeg; })
>  		.def_static("Srgb", []() { return ColorSpace::Srgb; })
> +		.def_static("Sycc", []() { return ColorSpace::Sycc; })
>  		.def_static("Smpte170m", []() { return ColorSpace::Smpte170m; })
>  		.def_static("Rec709", []() { return ColorSpace::Rec709; })
>  		.def_static("Rec2020", []() { return ColorSpace::Rec2020; });


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