[PATCH 2/4] ipa: libipa: Copy pwl from rpi

Paul Elder paul.elder at ideasonboard.com
Fri Apr 26 09:39:39 CEST 2024


Hi Naush,

On Mon, Apr 08, 2024 at 09:14:41AM +0100, Naushir Patuck wrote:
> Hi Paul,
> 
> On Fri, 5 Apr 2024 at 09:03, Paul Elder <paul.elder at ideasonboard.com> wrote:
> >
> > Copy the piecewise linear function code from Raspberry Pi.
> >
> 
> This seems like a good time to mention something I was intending on
> doing for a while...
> 
> Our PWL library is used internally in a few places
> (libcamera/libpisp/rpicam-apps/some internal tools).  Right now each
> of these libraries has a copy of pretty much the same pwl.c/pwl.h
> file.  I was intending to create a stand alone Raspberry Pi PWL
> library that could be linked with these so we only have one canonical
> copy of the source code.  This could then be included into
> libcamera/libpipa as a subproject if needed.  Do you think this would
> be helpful and suitable for you?  We will need to look at possibly

Yeah that might be a good idea. (although I'm not in the position to
make these decisions)

In any case we need this right now so for now we'll go with this :)


Thanks,

Paul

> templating the Point type if needed as well to be more appropriate for
> libcamera's use.
> 
> Regards,
> Naush
> 
> > Signed-off-by: Paul Elder <paul.elder at ideasonboard.com>
> > ---
> >  src/ipa/libipa/meson.build |   2 +
> >  src/ipa/libipa/pwl.cpp     | 267 +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
> >  src/ipa/libipa/pwl.h       | 123 +++++++++++++++++
> >  3 files changed, 392 insertions(+)
> >  create mode 100644 src/ipa/libipa/pwl.cpp
> >  create mode 100644 src/ipa/libipa/pwl.h
> >
> > diff --git a/src/ipa/libipa/meson.build b/src/ipa/libipa/meson.build
> > index 31cc8d70..8fba16e1 100644
> > --- a/src/ipa/libipa/meson.build
> > +++ b/src/ipa/libipa/meson.build
> > @@ -8,6 +8,7 @@ libipa_headers = files([
> >      'fc_queue.h',
> >      'histogram.h',
> >      'module.h',
> > +    'pwl.h',
> >  ])
> >
> >  libipa_sources = files([
> > @@ -18,6 +19,7 @@ libipa_sources = files([
> >      'fc_queue.cpp',
> >      'histogram.cpp',
> >      'module.cpp',
> > +    'pwl.cpp'
> >  ])
> >
> >  libipa_includes = include_directories('..')
> > diff --git a/src/ipa/libipa/pwl.cpp b/src/ipa/libipa/pwl.cpp
> > new file mode 100644
> > index 00000000..09f5d65c
> > --- /dev/null
> > +++ b/src/ipa/libipa/pwl.cpp
> > @@ -0,0 +1,267 @@
> > +/* SPDX-License-Identifier: BSD-2-Clause */
> > +/*
> > + * Copyright (C) 2019, Raspberry Pi Ltd
> > + *
> > + * pwl.cpp - piecewise linear functions
> > + */
> > +
> > +#include <cassert>
> > +#include <cmath>
> > +#include <stdexcept>
> > +
> > +#include "pwl.h"
> > +
> > +int Pwl::read(const libcamera::YamlObject &params)
> > +{
> > +       if (!params.size() || params.size() % 2)
> > +               return -EINVAL;
> > +
> > +       const auto &list = params.asList();
> > +
> > +       for (auto it = list.begin(); it != list.end(); it++) {
> > +               auto x = it->get<double>();
> > +               if (!x)
> > +                       return -EINVAL;
> > +               if (it != list.begin() && *x <= points_.back().x)
> > +                       return -EINVAL;
> > +
> > +               auto y = (++it)->get<double>();
> > +               if (!y)
> > +                       return -EINVAL;
> > +
> > +               points_.push_back(Point(*x, *y));
> > +       }
> > +
> > +       return 0;
> > +}
> > +
> > +void Pwl::append(double x, double y, const double eps)
> > +{
> > +       if (points_.empty() || points_.back().x + eps < x)
> > +               points_.push_back(Point(x, y));
> > +}
> > +
> > +void Pwl::prepend(double x, double y, const double eps)
> > +{
> > +       if (points_.empty() || points_.front().x - eps > x)
> > +               points_.insert(points_.begin(), Point(x, y));
> > +}
> > +
> > +Pwl::Interval Pwl::domain() const
> > +{
> > +       return Interval(points_[0].x, points_[points_.size() - 1].x);
> > +}
> > +
> > +Pwl::Interval Pwl::range() const
> > +{
> > +       double lo = points_[0].y, hi = lo;
> > +       for (auto &p : points_)
> > +               lo = std::min(lo, p.y), hi = std::max(hi, p.y);
> > +       return Interval(lo, hi);
> > +}
> > +
> > +bool Pwl::empty() const
> > +{
> > +       return points_.empty();
> > +}
> > +
> > +double Pwl::eval(double x, int *spanPtr, bool updateSpan) const
> > +{
> > +       int span = findSpan(x, spanPtr && *spanPtr != -1 ? *spanPtr : points_.size() / 2 - 1);
> > +       if (spanPtr && updateSpan)
> > +               *spanPtr = span;
> > +       return points_[span].y +
> > +              (x - points_[span].x) * (points_[span + 1].y - points_[span].y) /
> > +                      (points_[span + 1].x - points_[span].x);
> > +}
> > +
> > +int Pwl::findSpan(double x, int span) const
> > +{
> > +       /*
> > +        * Pwls are generally small, so linear search may well be faster than
> > +        * binary, though could review this if large PWls start turning up.
> > +        */
> > +       int lastSpan = points_.size() - 2;
> > +       /*
> > +        * some algorithms may call us with span pointing directly at the last
> > +        * control point
> > +        */
> > +       span = std::max(0, std::min(lastSpan, span));
> > +       while (span < lastSpan && x >= points_[span + 1].x)
> > +               span++;
> > +       while (span && x < points_[span].x)
> > +               span--;
> > +       return span;
> > +}
> > +
> > +Pwl::PerpType Pwl::invert(Point const &xy, Point &perp, int &span,
> > +                         const double eps) const
> > +{
> > +       assert(span >= -1);
> > +       bool prevOffEnd = false;
> > +       for (span = span + 1; span < (int)points_.size() - 1; span++) {
> > +               Point spanVec = points_[span + 1] - points_[span];
> > +               double t = ((xy - points_[span]) % spanVec) / spanVec.len2();
> > +               if (t < -eps) /* off the start of this span */
> > +               {
> > +                       if (span == 0) {
> > +                               perp = points_[span];
> > +                               return PerpType::Start;
> > +                       } else if (prevOffEnd) {
> > +                               perp = points_[span];
> > +                               return PerpType::Vertex;
> > +                       }
> > +               } else if (t > 1 + eps) /* off the end of this span */
> > +               {
> > +                       if (span == (int)points_.size() - 2) {
> > +                               perp = points_[span + 1];
> > +                               return PerpType::End;
> > +                       }
> > +                       prevOffEnd = true;
> > +               } else /* a true perpendicular */
> > +               {
> > +                       perp = points_[span] + spanVec * t;
> > +                       return PerpType::Perpendicular;
> > +               }
> > +       }
> > +       return PerpType::None;
> > +}
> > +
> > +Pwl Pwl::inverse(bool *trueInverse, const double eps) const
> > +{
> > +       bool appended = false, prepended = false, neither = false;
> > +       Pwl inverse;
> > +
> > +       for (Point const &p : points_) {
> > +               if (inverse.empty())
> > +                       inverse.append(p.y, p.x, eps);
> > +               else if (std::abs(inverse.points_.back().x - p.y) <= eps ||
> > +                        std::abs(inverse.points_.front().x - p.y) <= eps)
> > +                       /* do nothing */;
> > +               else if (p.y > inverse.points_.back().x) {
> > +                       inverse.append(p.y, p.x, eps);
> > +                       appended = true;
> > +               } else if (p.y < inverse.points_.front().x) {
> > +                       inverse.prepend(p.y, p.x, eps);
> > +                       prepended = true;
> > +               } else
> > +                       neither = true;
> > +       }
> > +
> > +       /*
> > +        * This is not a proper inverse if we found ourselves putting points
> > +        * onto both ends of the inverse, or if there were points that couldn't
> > +        * go on either.
> > +        */
> > +       if (trueInverse)
> > +               *trueInverse = !(neither || (appended && prepended));
> > +
> > +       return inverse;
> > +}
> > +
> > +Pwl Pwl::compose(Pwl const &other, const double eps) const
> > +{
> > +       double thisX = points_[0].x, thisY = points_[0].y;
> > +       int thisSpan = 0, otherSpan = other.findSpan(thisY, 0);
> > +       Pwl result({ { thisX, other.eval(thisY, &otherSpan, false) } });
> > +       while (thisSpan != (int)points_.size() - 1) {
> > +               double dx = points_[thisSpan + 1].x - points_[thisSpan].x,
> > +                      dy = points_[thisSpan + 1].y - points_[thisSpan].y;
> > +               if (std::abs(dy) > eps &&
> > +                   otherSpan + 1 < (int)other.points_.size() &&
> > +                   points_[thisSpan + 1].y >=
> > +                           other.points_[otherSpan + 1].x + eps) {
> > +                       /*
> > +                        * next control point in result will be where this
> > +                        * function's y reaches the next span in other
> > +                        */
> > +                       thisX = points_[thisSpan].x +
> > +                               (other.points_[otherSpan + 1].x -
> > +                                points_[thisSpan].y) *
> > +                                       dx / dy;
> > +                       thisY = other.points_[++otherSpan].x;
> > +               } else if (std::abs(dy) > eps && otherSpan > 0 &&
> > +                          points_[thisSpan + 1].y <=
> > +                                  other.points_[otherSpan - 1].x - eps) {
> > +                       /*
> > +                        * next control point in result will be where this
> > +                        * function's y reaches the previous span in other
> > +                        */
> > +                       thisX = points_[thisSpan].x +
> > +                               (other.points_[otherSpan + 1].x -
> > +                                points_[thisSpan].y) *
> > +                                       dx / dy;
> > +                       thisY = other.points_[--otherSpan].x;
> > +               } else {
> > +                       /* we stay in the same span in other */
> > +                       thisSpan++;
> > +                       thisX = points_[thisSpan].x,
> > +                       thisY = points_[thisSpan].y;
> > +               }
> > +               result.append(thisX, other.eval(thisY, &otherSpan, false),
> > +                             eps);
> > +       }
> > +       return result;
> > +}
> > +
> > +void Pwl::map(std::function<void(double x, double y)> f) const
> > +{
> > +       for (auto &pt : points_)
> > +               f(pt.x, pt.y);
> > +}
> > +
> > +void Pwl::map2(Pwl const &pwl0, Pwl const &pwl1,
> > +              std::function<void(double x, double y0, double y1)> f)
> > +{
> > +       int span0 = 0, span1 = 0;
> > +       double x = std::min(pwl0.points_[0].x, pwl1.points_[0].x);
> > +       f(x, pwl0.eval(x, &span0, false), pwl1.eval(x, &span1, false));
> > +       while (span0 < (int)pwl0.points_.size() - 1 ||
> > +              span1 < (int)pwl1.points_.size() - 1) {
> > +               if (span0 == (int)pwl0.points_.size() - 1)
> > +                       x = pwl1.points_[++span1].x;
> > +               else if (span1 == (int)pwl1.points_.size() - 1)
> > +                       x = pwl0.points_[++span0].x;
> > +               else if (pwl0.points_[span0 + 1].x > pwl1.points_[span1 + 1].x)
> > +                       x = pwl1.points_[++span1].x;
> > +               else
> > +                       x = pwl0.points_[++span0].x;
> > +               f(x, pwl0.eval(x, &span0, false), pwl1.eval(x, &span1, false));
> > +       }
> > +}
> > +
> > +Pwl Pwl::combine(Pwl const &pwl0, Pwl const &pwl1,
> > +                std::function<double(double x, double y0, double y1)> f,
> > +                const double eps)
> > +{
> > +       Pwl result;
> > +       map2(pwl0, pwl1, [&](double x, double y0, double y1) {
> > +               result.append(x, f(x, y0, y1), eps);
> > +       });
> > +       return result;
> > +}
> > +
> > +void Pwl::matchDomain(Interval const &domain, bool clip, const double eps)
> > +{
> > +       int span = 0;
> > +       prepend(domain.start, eval(clip ? points_[0].x : domain.start, &span),
> > +               eps);
> > +       span = points_.size() - 2;
> > +       append(domain.end, eval(clip ? points_.back().x : domain.end, &span),
> > +              eps);
> > +}
> > +
> > +Pwl &Pwl::operator*=(double d)
> > +{
> > +       for (auto &pt : points_)
> > +               pt.y *= d;
> > +       return *this;
> > +}
> > +
> > +void Pwl::debug(FILE *fp) const
> > +{
> > +       fprintf(fp, "Pwl {\n");
> > +       for (auto &p : points_)
> > +               fprintf(fp, "\t(%g, %g)\n", p.x, p.y);
> > +       fprintf(fp, "}\n");
> > +}
> > diff --git a/src/ipa/libipa/pwl.h b/src/ipa/libipa/pwl.h
> > new file mode 100644
> > index 00000000..7a6a6452
> > --- /dev/null
> > +++ b/src/ipa/libipa/pwl.h
> > @@ -0,0 +1,123 @@
> > +/* SPDX-License-Identifier: BSD-2-Clause */
> > +/*
> > + * Copyright (C) 2019, Raspberry Pi Ltd
> > + *
> > + * pwl.h - piecewise linear functions interface
> > + */
> > +#pragma once
> > +
> > +#include <functional>
> > +#include <math.h>
> > +#include <vector>
> > +
> > +#include "libcamera/internal/yaml_parser.h"
> > +
> > +class Pwl
> > +{
> > +public:
> > +       struct Interval {
> > +               Interval(double _start, double _end)
> > +                       : start(_start), end(_end)
> > +               {
> > +               }
> > +               double start, end;
> > +               bool contains(double value)
> > +               {
> > +                       return value >= start && value <= end;
> > +               }
> > +               double clip(double value)
> > +               {
> > +                       return value < start ? start
> > +                                            : (value > end ? end : value);
> > +               }
> > +               double len() const { return end - start; }
> > +       };
> > +       struct Point {
> > +               Point() : x(0), y(0) {}
> > +               Point(double _x, double _y)
> > +                       : x(_x), y(_y) {}
> > +               double x, y;
> > +               Point operator-(Point const &p) const
> > +               {
> > +                       return Point(x - p.x, y - p.y);
> > +               }
> > +               Point operator+(Point const &p) const
> > +               {
> > +                       return Point(x + p.x, y + p.y);
> > +               }
> > +               double operator%(Point const &p) const
> > +               {
> > +                       return x * p.x + y * p.y;
> > +               }
> > +               Point operator*(double f) const { return Point(x * f, y * f); }
> > +               Point operator/(double f) const { return Point(x / f, y / f); }
> > +               double len2() const { return x * x + y * y; }
> > +               double len() const { return sqrt(len2()); }
> > +       };
> > +       Pwl() {}
> > +       Pwl(std::vector<Point> const &points) : points_(points) {}
> > +       int read(const libcamera::YamlObject &params);
> > +       void append(double x, double y, const double eps = 1e-6);
> > +       void prepend(double x, double y, const double eps = 1e-6);
> > +       Interval domain() const;
> > +       Interval range() const;
> > +       bool empty() const;
> > +       /*
> > +        * Evaluate Pwl, optionally supplying an initial guess for the
> > +        * "span". The "span" may be optionally be updated.  If you want to know
> > +        * the "span" value but don't have an initial guess you can set it to
> > +        * -1.
> > +        */
> > +       double eval(double x, int *spanPtr = nullptr,
> > +                   bool updateSpan = true) const;
> > +       /*
> > +        * Find perpendicular closest to xy, starting from span+1 so you can
> > +        * call it repeatedly to check for multiple closest points (set span to
> > +        * -1 on the first call). Also returns "pseudo" perpendiculars; see
> > +        * PerpType enum.
> > +        */
> > +       enum class PerpType {
> > +               None, /* no perpendicular found */
> > +               Start, /* start of Pwl is closest point */
> > +               End, /* end of Pwl is closest point */
> > +               Vertex, /* vertex of Pwl is closest point */
> > +               Perpendicular /* true perpendicular found */
> > +       };
> > +       PerpType invert(Point const &xy, Point &perp, int &span,
> > +                       const double eps = 1e-6) const;
> > +       /*
> > +        * Compute the inverse function. Indicate if it is a proper (true)
> > +        * inverse, or only a best effort (e.g. input was non-monotonic).
> > +        */
> > +       Pwl inverse(bool *trueInverse = nullptr, const double eps = 1e-6) const;
> > +       /* Compose two Pwls together, doing "this" first and "other" after. */
> > +       Pwl compose(Pwl const &other, const double eps = 1e-6) const;
> > +       /* Apply function to (x,y) values at every control point. */
> > +       void map(std::function<void(double x, double y)> f) const;
> > +       /*
> > +        * Apply function to (x, y0, y1) values wherever either Pwl has a
> > +        * control point.
> > +        */
> > +       static void map2(Pwl const &pwl0, Pwl const &pwl1,
> > +                        std::function<void(double x, double y0, double y1)> f);
> > +       /*
> > +        * Combine two Pwls, meaning we create a new Pwl where the y values are
> > +        * given by running f wherever either has a knot.
> > +        */
> > +       static Pwl
> > +       combine(Pwl const &pwl0, Pwl const &pwl1,
> > +               std::function<double(double x, double y0, double y1)> f,
> > +               const double eps = 1e-6);
> > +       /*
> > +        * Make "this" match (at least) the given domain. Any extension my be
> > +        * clipped or linear.
> > +        */
> > +       void matchDomain(Interval const &domain, bool clip = true,
> > +                        const double eps = 1e-6);
> > +       Pwl &operator*=(double d);
> > +       void debug(FILE *fp = stdout) const;
> > +
> > +private:
> > +       int findSpan(double x, int span) const;
> > +       std::vector<Point> points_;
> > +};
> > --
> > 2.39.2
> >


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