[PATCH/RFC] libcamera: Rename "shutter speed" to "exposure time"

Naushir Patuck naush at raspberrypi.com
Thu Oct 31 11:13:51 CET 2024


Hi Laurent,

On Mon, 28 Oct 2024 at 01:34, Laurent Pinchart
<laurent.pinchart at ideasonboard.com> wrote:
>
> The terms "shutter" and "shutter speed" are used through libcamera to
> mean "exposure time". This is confusing, both due to "speed" being used
> as "time" while it should be the inverse (i.e. a maximum speed should
> correspond to the minimum time), and due to "shutter speed" and
> "exposure time" being used in different places with the same meaning.
>
> To improve clarity of the code base and the documentation, use "exposure
> time" consistently to replace "shutter speed".
>
> I'm sending this patch as an RFC to gather opinions before addressing a
> few remaining issues, regarding which I'd appreciate feedback as well:
>
> - The tuning data for the AgcMeanLuminance helper class still uses a
>   "shutter" YAML element. I would ideally like to rename that too.
>
> - The ExposureModeHelper::splitExposure() function used to document that
>   it splits "exposure time into shutter time and gain". I have reworded
>   that to "split exposure into exposure time and gain", but I'm not
>   entirely happy with the result as "exposure" has a defined meaning in
>   photography (see https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Exposure_(photography))
>   that is not expressed as a duration. It seems we need a better term
>   here.
>
> - I haven't touched the Raspberry Pi IPA module. David, Naush, would you
>   accept a rename there too ?

No objections from us to use either "shutter time" or "exposure time"
in the RPi IPA as part of this change.  I would suggest leaving the
tuning JSON files as-is for now though as users will have custom files
in use.

Regards,
Naush


>
> Signed-off-by: Laurent Pinchart <laurent.pinchart at ideasonboard.com>
> ---
>  src/ipa/ipu3/algorithms/agc.cpp         |  26 ++--
>  src/ipa/ipu3/algorithms/agc.h           |   4 +-
>  src/ipa/ipu3/ipa_context.cpp            |   8 +-
>  src/ipa/ipu3/ipa_context.h              |   4 +-
>  src/ipa/ipu3/ipu3.cpp                   |  10 +-
>  src/ipa/libipa/agc_mean_luminance.cpp   |  43 +++----
>  src/ipa/libipa/agc_mean_luminance.h     |   2 +-
>  src/ipa/libipa/exposure_mode_helper.cpp | 152 ++++++++++++------------
>  src/ipa/libipa/exposure_mode_helper.h   |  14 +--
>  src/ipa/rkisp1/algorithms/agc.cpp       |  27 +++--
>  src/ipa/rkisp1/ipa_context.cpp          |   8 +-
>  src/ipa/rkisp1/ipa_context.h            |   4 +-
>  src/ipa/rkisp1/rkisp1.cpp               |  10 +-
>  src/libcamera/control_ids_core.yaml     |  14 +--
>  14 files changed, 163 insertions(+), 163 deletions(-)
>
> diff --git a/src/ipa/ipu3/algorithms/agc.cpp b/src/ipa/ipu3/algorithms/agc.cpp
> index c5f3d8f0ccac..ff0f857d378c 100644
> --- a/src/ipa/ipu3/algorithms/agc.cpp
> +++ b/src/ipa/ipu3/algorithms/agc.cpp
> @@ -33,7 +33,7 @@ namespace ipa::ipu3::algorithms {
>   * \class Agc
>   * \brief A mean-based auto-exposure algorithm
>   *
> - * This algorithm calculates a shutter time and an analogue gain so that the
> + * This algorithm calculates an exposure time and an analogue gain so that the
>   * average value of the green channel of the brightest 2% of pixels approaches
>   * 0.5. The AWB gains are not used here, and all cells in the grid have the same
>   * weight, like an average-metering case. In this metering mode, the camera uses
> @@ -51,13 +51,13 @@ LOG_DEFINE_CATEGORY(IPU3Agc)
>  static constexpr double kMinAnalogueGain = 1.0;
>
>  /* \todo Honour the FrameDurationLimits control instead of hardcoding a limit */
> -static constexpr utils::Duration kMaxShutterSpeed = 60ms;
> +static constexpr utils::Duration kMaxExposureTime = 60ms;
>
>  /* Histogram constants */
>  static constexpr uint32_t knumHistogramBins = 256;
>
>  Agc::Agc()
> -       : minShutterSpeed_(0s), maxShutterSpeed_(0s)
> +       : minExposureTime_(0s), maxExposureTime_(0s)
>  {
>  }
>
> @@ -100,9 +100,9 @@ int Agc::configure(IPAContext &context,
>         stride_ = configuration.grid.stride;
>         bdsGrid_ = configuration.grid.bdsGrid;
>
> -       minShutterSpeed_ = configuration.agc.minShutterSpeed;
> -       maxShutterSpeed_ = std::min(configuration.agc.maxShutterSpeed,
> -                                   kMaxShutterSpeed);
> +       minExposureTime_ = configuration.agc.minExposureTime;
> +       maxExposureTime_ = std::min(configuration.agc.maxExposureTime,
> +                                   kMaxExposureTime);
>
>         minAnalogueGain_ = std::max(configuration.agc.minAnalogueGain, kMinAnalogueGain);
>         maxAnalogueGain_ = configuration.agc.maxAnalogueGain;
> @@ -115,7 +115,7 @@ int Agc::configure(IPAContext &context,
>         context.activeState.agc.exposureMode = exposureModeHelpers().begin()->first;
>
>         /* \todo Run this again when FrameDurationLimits is passed in */
> -       setLimits(minShutterSpeed_, maxShutterSpeed_, minAnalogueGain_,
> +       setLimits(minExposureTime_, maxExposureTime_, minAnalogueGain_,
>                   maxAnalogueGain_);
>         resetFrameCount();
>
> @@ -222,20 +222,20 @@ void Agc::process(IPAContext &context, [[maybe_unused]] const uint32_t frame,
>         double analogueGain = frameContext.sensor.gain;
>         utils::Duration effectiveExposureValue = exposureTime * analogueGain;
>
> -       utils::Duration shutterTime;
> +       utils::Duration newExposureTime;
>         double aGain, dGain;
> -       std::tie(shutterTime, aGain, dGain) =
> +       std::tie(newExposureTime, aGain, dGain) =
>                 calculateNewEv(context.activeState.agc.constraintMode,
>                                context.activeState.agc.exposureMode, hist,
>                                effectiveExposureValue);
>
>         LOG(IPU3Agc, Debug)
> -               << "Divided up shutter, analogue gain and digital gain are "
> -               << shutterTime << ", " << aGain << " and " << dGain;
> +               << "Divided up exposure time, analogue gain and digital gain are "
> +               << newExposureTime << ", " << aGain << " and " << dGain;
>
>         IPAActiveState &activeState = context.activeState;
> -       /* Update the estimated exposure and gain. */
> -       activeState.agc.exposure = shutterTime / context.configuration.sensor.lineDuration;
> +       /* Update the estimated exposure time and gain. */
> +       activeState.agc.exposure = newExposureTime / context.configuration.sensor.lineDuration;
>         activeState.agc.gain = aGain;
>
>         metadata.set(controls::AnalogueGain, frameContext.sensor.gain);
> diff --git a/src/ipa/ipu3/algorithms/agc.h b/src/ipa/ipu3/algorithms/agc.h
> index 411f4da0704e..890c271b4462 100644
> --- a/src/ipa/ipu3/algorithms/agc.h
> +++ b/src/ipa/ipu3/algorithms/agc.h
> @@ -42,8 +42,8 @@ private:
>         Histogram parseStatistics(const ipu3_uapi_stats_3a *stats,
>                                   const ipu3_uapi_grid_config &grid);
>
> -       utils::Duration minShutterSpeed_;
> -       utils::Duration maxShutterSpeed_;
> +       utils::Duration minExposureTime_;
> +       utils::Duration maxExposureTime_;
>
>         double minAnalogueGain_;
>         double maxAnalogueGain_;
> diff --git a/src/ipa/ipu3/ipa_context.cpp b/src/ipa/ipu3/ipa_context.cpp
> index 917d06541abe..fe455e0715c6 100644
> --- a/src/ipa/ipu3/ipa_context.cpp
> +++ b/src/ipa/ipu3/ipa_context.cpp
> @@ -92,11 +92,11 @@ namespace libcamera::ipa::ipu3 {
>   * \var IPASessionConfiguration::agc
>   * \brief AGC parameters configuration of the IPA
>   *
> - * \var IPASessionConfiguration::agc.minShutterSpeed
> - * \brief Minimum shutter speed supported with the configured sensor
> + * \var IPASessionConfiguration::agc.minExposureTime
> + * \brief Minimum exposure time supported with the configured sensor
>   *
> - * \var IPASessionConfiguration::agc.maxShutterSpeed
> - * \brief Maximum shutter speed supported with the configured sensor
> + * \var IPASessionConfiguration::agc.maxExposureTime
> + * \brief Maximum exposure time supported with the configured sensor
>   *
>   * \var IPASessionConfiguration::agc.minAnalogueGain
>   * \brief Minimum analogue gain supported with the configured sensor
> diff --git a/src/ipa/ipu3/ipa_context.h b/src/ipa/ipu3/ipa_context.h
> index c85d1e34ea85..29f38b36a9a3 100644
> --- a/src/ipa/ipu3/ipa_context.h
> +++ b/src/ipa/ipu3/ipa_context.h
> @@ -33,8 +33,8 @@ struct IPASessionConfiguration {
>         } af;
>
>         struct {
> -               utils::Duration minShutterSpeed;
> -               utils::Duration maxShutterSpeed;
> +               utils::Duration minExposureTime;
> +               utils::Duration maxExposureTime;
>                 double minAnalogueGain;
>                 double maxAnalogueGain;
>         } agc;
> diff --git a/src/ipa/ipu3/ipu3.cpp b/src/ipa/ipu3/ipu3.cpp
> index 10a8c86d8e64..e82287631146 100644
> --- a/src/ipa/ipu3/ipu3.cpp
> +++ b/src/ipa/ipu3/ipu3.cpp
> @@ -112,7 +112,7 @@ namespace ipa::ipu3 {
>   * blue gains to apply to generate a neutral grey frame overall.
>   *
>   * AGC is handled by calculating a histogram of the green channel to estimate an
> - * analogue gain and shutter time which will provide a well exposed frame. A
> + * analogue gain and exposure time which will provide a well exposed frame. A
>   * low-pass IIR filter is used to smooth the changes to the sensor to reduce
>   * perceivable steps.
>   *
> @@ -215,13 +215,13 @@ void IPAIPU3::updateSessionConfiguration(const ControlInfoMap &sensorControls)
>
>         /*
>          * When the AGC computes the new exposure values for a frame, it needs
> -        * to know the limits for shutter speed and analogue gain.
> +        * to know the limits for exposure time and analogue gain.
>          * As it depends on the sensor, update it with the controls.
>          *
> -        * \todo take VBLANK into account for maximum shutter speed
> +        * \todo take VBLANK into account for maximum exposure time
>          */
> -       context_.configuration.agc.minShutterSpeed = minExposure * context_.configuration.sensor.lineDuration;
> -       context_.configuration.agc.maxShutterSpeed = maxExposure * context_.configuration.sensor.lineDuration;
> +       context_.configuration.agc.minExposureTime = minExposure * context_.configuration.sensor.lineDuration;
> +       context_.configuration.agc.maxExposureTime = maxExposure * context_.configuration.sensor.lineDuration;
>         context_.configuration.agc.minAnalogueGain = camHelper_->gain(minGain);
>         context_.configuration.agc.maxAnalogueGain = camHelper_->gain(maxGain);
>  }
> diff --git a/src/ipa/libipa/agc_mean_luminance.cpp b/src/ipa/libipa/agc_mean_luminance.cpp
> index f97ef11771c4..d2d50001e51a 100644
> --- a/src/ipa/libipa/agc_mean_luminance.cpp
> +++ b/src/ipa/libipa/agc_mean_luminance.cpp
> @@ -89,10 +89,10 @@ static constexpr double kDefaultRelativeLuminanceTarget = 0.16;
>   * \class AgcMeanLuminance
>   * \brief A mean-based auto-exposure algorithm
>   *
> - * This algorithm calculates a shutter time, analogue and digital gain such that
> - * the normalised mean luminance value of an image is driven towards a target,
> - * which itself is discovered from tuning data. The algorithm is a two-stage
> - * process.
> + * This algorithm calculates an exposure time, analogue and digital gain such
> + * that the normalised mean luminance value of an image is driven towards a
> + * target, which itself is discovered from tuning data. The algorithm is a
> + * two-stage process.
>   *
>   * In the first stage, an initial gain value is derived by iteratively comparing
>   * the gain-adjusted mean luminance across the entire image against a target,
> @@ -109,7 +109,7 @@ static constexpr double kDefaultRelativeLuminanceTarget = 0.16;
>   * stage is then clamped to the gain from this stage.
>   *
>   * The final gain is used to adjust the effective exposure value of the image,
> - * and that new exposure value is divided into shutter time, analogue gain and
> + * and that new exposure value is divided into exposure time, analogue gain and
>   * digital gain according to the selected AeExposureMode. This class uses the
>   * \ref ExposureModeHelper class to assist in that division, and expects the
>   * data needed to initialise that class to be present in tuning data in a
> @@ -247,27 +247,27 @@ int AgcMeanLuminance::parseExposureModes(const YamlObject &tuningData)
>                                 return -EINVAL;
>                         }
>
> -                       std::vector<uint32_t> shutters =
> +                       std::vector<uint32_t> exposureTimes =
>                                 modeValues["shutter"].getList<uint32_t>().value_or(std::vector<uint32_t>{});
>                         std::vector<double> gains =
>                                 modeValues["gain"].getList<double>().value_or(std::vector<double>{});
>
> -                       if (shutters.size() != gains.size()) {
> +                       if (exposureTimes.size() != gains.size()) {
>                                 LOG(AgcMeanLuminance, Error)
>                                         << "Shutter and gain array sizes unequal";
>                                 return -EINVAL;
>                         }
>
> -                       if (shutters.empty()) {
> +                       if (exposureTimes.empty()) {
>                                 LOG(AgcMeanLuminance, Error)
>                                         << "Shutter and gain arrays are empty";
>                                 return -EINVAL;
>                         }
>
>                         std::vector<std::pair<utils::Duration, double>> stages;
> -                       for (unsigned int i = 0; i < shutters.size(); i++) {
> +                       for (unsigned int i = 0; i < exposureTimes.size(); i++) {
>                                 stages.push_back({
> -                                       std::chrono::microseconds(shutters[i]),
> +                                       std::chrono::microseconds(exposureTimes[i]),
>                                         gains[i]
>                                 });
>                         }
> @@ -283,7 +283,7 @@ int AgcMeanLuminance::parseExposureModes(const YamlObject &tuningData)
>         /*
>          * If we don't have any exposure modes in the tuning data we create an
>          * ExposureModeHelper using an empty vector of stages. This will result
> -        * in the ExposureModeHelper simply driving the shutter as high as
> +        * in the ExposureModeHelper simply driving the exposure time as high as
>          * possible before touching gain.
>          */
>         if (availableExposureModes.empty()) {
> @@ -338,8 +338,8 @@ int AgcMeanLuminance::parseExposureModes(const YamlObject &tuningData)
>   * For the AeExposureMode control the data should contain a dictionary called
>   * AeExposureMode containing per-mode setting dictionaries with the key being a
>   * value from \ref controls::AeExposureModeNameValueMap. Each mode dict should
> - * contain an array of shutter times with the key "shutter" and an array of gain
> - * values with the key "gain", in this format:
> + * contain an array of exposure times with the key "shutter" and an array of
> + * gain values with the key "gain", in this format:
>   *
>   * \code{.unparsed}
>   * algorithms:
> @@ -371,20 +371,20 @@ int AgcMeanLuminance::parseTuningData(const YamlObject &tuningData)
>
>  /**
>   * \brief Set the ExposureModeHelper limits for this class
> - * \param[in] minShutter Minimum shutter time to allow
> - * \param[in] maxShutter Maximum shutter time to allow
> + * \param[in] minExposureTime Minimum exposure time to allow
> + * \param[in] maxExposureTime Maximum ewposure time to allow
>   * \param[in] minGain Minimum gain to allow
>   * \param[in] maxGain Maximum gain to allow
>   *
>   * This function calls \ref ExposureModeHelper::setLimits() for each
>   * ExposureModeHelper that has been created for this class.
>   */
> -void AgcMeanLuminance::setLimits(utils::Duration minShutter,
> -                                utils::Duration maxShutter,
> +void AgcMeanLuminance::setLimits(utils::Duration minExposureTime,
> +                                utils::Duration maxExposureTime,
>                                  double minGain, double maxGain)
>  {
>         for (auto &[id, helper] : exposureModeHelpers_)
> -               helper->setLimits(minShutter, maxShutter, minGain, maxGain);
> +               helper->setLimits(minExposureTime, maxExposureTime, minGain, maxGain);
>  }
>
>  /**
> @@ -513,7 +513,8 @@ utils::Duration AgcMeanLuminance::filterExposure(utils::Duration exposureValue)
>  }
>
>  /**
> - * \brief Calculate the new exposure value and splut it between shutter time and gain
> + * \brief Calculate the new exposure value and splut it between exposure time
> + * and gain
>   * \param[in] constraintModeIndex The index of the current constraint mode
>   * \param[in] exposureModeIndex The index of the current exposure mode
>   * \param[in] yHist A Histogram from the ISP statistics to use in constraining
> @@ -523,9 +524,9 @@ utils::Duration AgcMeanLuminance::filterExposure(utils::Duration exposureValue)
>   *
>   * Calculate a new exposure value to try to obtain the target. The calculated
>   * exposure value is filtered to prevent rapid changes from frame to frame, and
> - * divided into shutter time, analogue and digital gain.
> + * divided into exposure time, analogue and digital gain.
>   *
> - * \return Tuple of shutter time, analogue gain, and digital gain
> + * \return Tuple of exposure time, analogue gain, and digital gain
>   */
>  std::tuple<utils::Duration, double, double>
>  AgcMeanLuminance::calculateNewEv(uint32_t constraintModeIndex,
> diff --git a/src/ipa/libipa/agc_mean_luminance.h b/src/ipa/libipa/agc_mean_luminance.h
> index 576d28be8eb0..c41391cb0b73 100644
> --- a/src/ipa/libipa/agc_mean_luminance.h
> +++ b/src/ipa/libipa/agc_mean_luminance.h
> @@ -44,7 +44,7 @@ public:
>
>         int parseTuningData(const YamlObject &tuningData);
>
> -       void setLimits(utils::Duration minShutter, utils::Duration maxShutter,
> +       void setLimits(utils::Duration minExposureTime, utils::Duration maxExposureTime,
>                        double minGain, double maxGain);
>
>         std::map<int32_t, std::vector<AgcConstraint>> constraintModes()
> diff --git a/src/ipa/libipa/exposure_mode_helper.cpp b/src/ipa/libipa/exposure_mode_helper.cpp
> index 30da0c894044..f235316d3539 100644
> --- a/src/ipa/libipa/exposure_mode_helper.cpp
> +++ b/src/ipa/libipa/exposure_mode_helper.cpp
> @@ -14,9 +14,9 @@
>   * \file exposure_mode_helper.h
>   * \brief Helper class that performs computations relating to exposure
>   *
> - * AEGC algorithms have a need to split exposure between shutter time, analogue
> + * AEGC algorithms have a need to split exposure between exposure time, analogue
>   * and digital gain. Multiple implementations do so based on paired stages of
> - * shutter time and gain limits; provide a helper to avoid duplicating the code.
> + * exposure time and gain limits; provide a helper to avoid duplicating the code.
>   */
>
>  namespace libcamera {
> @@ -29,24 +29,24 @@ namespace ipa {
>
>  /**
>   * \class ExposureModeHelper
> - * \brief Class for splitting exposure into shutter time and total gain
> + * \brief Class for splitting exposure into exposure time and total gain
>   *
>   * The ExposureModeHelper class provides a standard interface through which an
> - * AEGC algorithm can divide exposure between shutter time and gain. It is
> - * configured with a set of shutter time and gain pairs and works by initially
> - * fixing gain at 1.0 and increasing shutter time up to the shutter time value
> + * AEGC algorithm can divide exposure between exposure time and gain. It is
> + * configured with a set of exposure time and gain pairs and works by initially
> + * fixing gain at 1.0 and increasing exposure time up to the exposure time value
>   * from the first pair in the set in an attempt to meet the required exposure
>   * value.
>   *
> - * If the required exposure is not achievable by the first shutter time value
> + * If the required exposure is not achievable by the first exposure time value
>   * alone it ramps gain up to the value from the first pair in the set. If the
> - * required exposure is still not met it then allows shutter time to ramp up to
> - * the shutter time value from the second pair in the set, and continues in this
> + * required exposure is still not met it then allows exposure time to ramp up to
> + * the exposure time value from the second pair in the set, and continues in this
>   * vein until either the required exposure time is met, or else the hardware's
> - * shutter time or gain limits are reached.
> + * exposure time or gain limits are reached.
>   *
>   * This method allows users to strike a balance between a well-exposed image and
> - * an acceptable frame-rate, as opposed to simply maximising shutter time
> + * an acceptable frame-rate, as opposed to simply maximising exposure time
>   * followed by gain. The same helpers can be used to perform the latter
>   * operation if needed by passing an empty set of pairs to the initialisation
>   * function.
> @@ -61,9 +61,9 @@ namespace ipa {
>
>  /**
>   * \brief Construct an ExposureModeHelper instance
> - * \param[in] stages The vector of paired shutter time and gain limits
> + * \param[in] stages The vector of paired exposure time and gain limits
>   *
> - * The input stages are shutter time and _total_ gain pairs; the gain
> + * The input stages are exposure time and _total_ gain pairs; the gain
>   * encompasses both analogue and digital gain.
>   *
>   * The vector of stages may be empty. In that case, the helper will simply use
> @@ -71,46 +71,46 @@ namespace ipa {
>   */
>  ExposureModeHelper::ExposureModeHelper(const Span<std::pair<utils::Duration, double>> stages)
>  {
> -       minShutter_ = 0us;
> -       maxShutter_ = 0us;
> +       minExposureTime_ = 0us;
> +       maxExposureTime_ = 0us;
>         minGain_ = 0;
>         maxGain_ = 0;
>
>         for (const auto &[s, g] : stages) {
> -               shutters_.push_back(s);
> +               exposureTimes_.push_back(s);
>                 gains_.push_back(g);
>         }
>  }
>
>  /**
> - * \brief Set the shutter time and gain limits
> - * \param[in] minShutter The minimum shutter time supported
> - * \param[in] maxShutter The maximum shutter time supported
> + * \brief Set the exposure time and gain limits
> + * \param[in] minExposureTime The minimum exposure time supported
> + * \param[in] maxExposureTime The maximum exposure time supported
>   * \param[in] minGain The minimum analogue gain supported
>   * \param[in] maxGain The maximum analogue gain supported
>   *
> - * This function configures the shutter time and analogue gain limits that need
> + * This function configures the exposure time and analogue gain limits that need
>   * to be adhered to as the helper divides up exposure. Note that this function
>   * *must* be called whenever those limits change and before splitExposure() is
>   * used.
>   *
> - * If the algorithm using the helpers needs to indicate that either shutter time
> + * If the algorithm using the helpers needs to indicate that either exposure time
>   * or analogue gain or both should be fixed it can do so by setting both the
>   * minima and maxima to the same value.
>   */
> -void ExposureModeHelper::setLimits(utils::Duration minShutter,
> -                                  utils::Duration maxShutter,
> +void ExposureModeHelper::setLimits(utils::Duration minExposureTime,
> +                                  utils::Duration maxExposureTime,
>                                    double minGain, double maxGain)
>  {
> -       minShutter_ = minShutter;
> -       maxShutter_ = maxShutter;
> +       minExposureTime_ = minExposureTime;
> +       maxExposureTime_ = maxExposureTime;
>         minGain_ = minGain;
>         maxGain_ = maxGain;
>  }
>
> -utils::Duration ExposureModeHelper::clampShutter(utils::Duration shutter) const
> +utils::Duration ExposureModeHelper::clampExposureTime(utils::Duration exposureTime) const
>  {
> -       return std::clamp(shutter, minShutter_, maxShutter_);
> +       return std::clamp(exposureTime, minExposureTime_, maxExposureTime_);
>  }
>
>  double ExposureModeHelper::clampGain(double gain) const
> @@ -119,108 +119,108 @@ double ExposureModeHelper::clampGain(double gain) const
>  }
>
>  /**
> - * \brief Split exposure time into shutter time and gain
> - * \param[in] exposure Exposure time
> + * \brief Split exposure into exposure time and gain
> + * \param[in] exposure Exposure value
>   *
> - * This function divides a given exposure time into shutter time, analogue and
> - * digital gain by iterating through stages of shutter time and gain limits. At
> - * each stage the current stage's shutter time limit is multiplied by the
> + * This function divides a given exposure into exposure time, analogue and
> + * digital gain by iterating through stages of exposure time and gain limits.
> + * At each stage the current stage's exposure time limit is multiplied by the
>   * previous stage's gain limit (or 1.0 initially) to see if the combination of
> - * the two can meet the required exposure time. If they cannot then the current
> - * stage's shutter time limit is multiplied by the same stage's gain limit to
> + * the two can meet the required exposure. If they cannot then the current
> + * stage's exposure time limit is multiplied by the same stage's gain limit to
>   * see if that combination can meet the required exposure time. If they cannot
>   * then the function moves to consider the next stage.
>   *
> - * When a combination of shutter time and gain _stage_ limits are found that are
> - * sufficient to meet the required exposure time, the function attempts to
> - * reduce shutter time as much as possible whilst fixing gain and still meeting
> - * the exposure time. If a _runtime_ limit prevents shutter time from being
> - * lowered enough to meet the exposure time with gain fixed at the stage limit,
> - * gain is also lowered to compensate.
> + * When a combination of exposure time and gain _stage_ limits are found that
> + * are sufficient to meet the required exposure, the function attempts to reduce
> + * exposure time as much as possible whilst fixing gain and still meeting the
> + * exposure. If a _runtime_ limit prevents exposure time from being lowered
> + * enough to meet the exposure with gain fixed at the stage limit, gain is also
> + * lowered to compensate.
>   *
> - * Once the shutter time and gain values are ascertained, gain is assigned as
> + * Once the exposure time and gain values are ascertained, gain is assigned as
>   * analogue gain as much as possible, with digital gain only in use if the
>   * maximum analogue gain runtime limit is unable to accommodate the exposure
>   * value.
>   *
> - * If no combination of shutter time and gain limits is found that meets the
> - * required exposure time, the helper falls-back to simply maximising the
> - * shutter time first, followed by analogue gain, followed by digital gain.
> + * If no combination of exposure time and gain limits is found that meets the
> + * required exposure, the helper falls-back to simply maximising the exposure
> + * time first, followed by analogue gain, followed by digital gain.
>   *
> - * \return Tuple of shutter time, analogue gain, and digital gain
> + * \return Tuple of exposure time, analogue gain, and digital gain
>   */
>  std::tuple<utils::Duration, double, double>
>  ExposureModeHelper::splitExposure(utils::Duration exposure) const
>  {
> -       ASSERT(maxShutter_);
> +       ASSERT(maxExposureTime_);
>         ASSERT(maxGain_);
>
>         bool gainFixed = minGain_ == maxGain_;
> -       bool shutterFixed = minShutter_ == maxShutter_;
> +       bool exposureTimeFixed = minExposureTime_ == maxExposureTime_;
>
>         /*
>          * There's no point entering the loop if we cannot change either gain
> -        * nor shutter anyway.
> +        * nor exposure time anyway.
>          */
> -       if (shutterFixed && gainFixed)
> -               return { minShutter_, minGain_, exposure / (minShutter_ * minGain_) };
> +       if (exposureTimeFixed && gainFixed)
> +               return { minExposureTime_, minGain_, exposure / (minExposureTime_ * minGain_) };
>
> -       utils::Duration shutter;
> +       utils::Duration exposureTime;
>         double stageGain = 1.0;
>         double gain;
>
>         for (unsigned int stage = 0; stage < gains_.size(); stage++) {
>                 double lastStageGain = stage == 0 ? 1.0 : clampGain(gains_[stage - 1]);
> -               utils::Duration stageShutter = clampShutter(shutters_[stage]);
> +               utils::Duration stageExposureTime = clampExposureTime(exposureTimes_[stage]);
>                 stageGain = clampGain(gains_[stage]);
>
>                 /*
> -                * We perform the clamping on both shutter and gain in case the
> -                * helper has had limits set that prevent those values being
> -                * lowered beyond a certain minimum...this can happen at runtime
> -                * for various reasons and so would not be known when the stage
> -                * limits are initialised.
> +                * We perform the clamping on both exposure time and gain in
> +                * case the helper has had limits set that prevent those values
> +                * being lowered beyond a certain minimum...this can happen at
> +                * runtime for various reasons and so would not be known when
> +                * the stage limits are initialised.
>                  */
>
> -               if (stageShutter * lastStageGain >= exposure) {
> -                       shutter = clampShutter(exposure / clampGain(lastStageGain));
> -                       gain = clampGain(exposure / shutter);
> +               if (stageExposureTime * lastStageGain >= exposure) {
> +                       exposureTime = clampExposureTime(exposure / clampGain(lastStageGain));
> +                       gain = clampGain(exposure / exposureTime);
>
> -                       return { shutter, gain, exposure / (shutter * gain) };
> +                       return { exposureTime, gain, exposure / (exposureTime * gain) };
>                 }
>
> -               if (stageShutter * stageGain >= exposure) {
> -                       shutter = clampShutter(exposure / clampGain(stageGain));
> -                       gain = clampGain(exposure / shutter);
> +               if (stageExposureTime * stageGain >= exposure) {
> +                       exposureTime = clampExposureTime(exposure / clampGain(stageGain));
> +                       gain = clampGain(exposure / exposureTime);
>
> -                       return { shutter, gain, exposure / (shutter * gain) };
> +                       return { exposureTime, gain, exposure / (exposureTime * gain) };
>                 }
>         }
>
>         /*
> -        * From here on all we can do is max out the shutter time, followed by
> +        * From here on all we can do is max out the exposure time, followed by
>          * the analogue gain. If we still haven't achieved the target we send
>          * the rest of the exposure time to digital gain. If we were given no
>          * stages to use then the default stageGain of 1.0 is used so that
> -        * shutter time is maxed before gain is touched at all.
> +        * exposure time is maxed before gain is touched at all.
>          */
> -       shutter = clampShutter(exposure / clampGain(stageGain));
> -       gain = clampGain(exposure / shutter);
> +       exposureTime = clampExposureTime(exposure / clampGain(stageGain));
> +       gain = clampGain(exposure / exposureTime);
>
> -       return { shutter, gain, exposure / (shutter * gain) };
> +       return { exposureTime, gain, exposure / (exposureTime * gain) };
>  }
>
>  /**
> - * \fn ExposureModeHelper::minShutter()
> - * \brief Retrieve the configured minimum shutter time limit set through
> + * \fn ExposureModeHelper::minExposureTime()
> + * \brief Retrieve the configured minimum exposure time limit set through
>   * setLimits()
> - * \return The minShutter_ value
> + * \return The minExposureTime_ value
>   */
>
>  /**
> - * \fn ExposureModeHelper::maxShutter()
> - * \brief Retrieve the configured maximum shutter time set through setLimits()
> - * \return The maxShutter_ value
> + * \fn ExposureModeHelper::maxExposureTime()
> + * \brief Retrieve the configured maximum exposure time set through setLimits()
> + * \return The maxExposureTime_ value
>   */
>
>  /**
> diff --git a/src/ipa/libipa/exposure_mode_helper.h b/src/ipa/libipa/exposure_mode_helper.h
> index 85c665d7d187..c5be1b6703a8 100644
> --- a/src/ipa/libipa/exposure_mode_helper.h
> +++ b/src/ipa/libipa/exposure_mode_helper.h
> @@ -24,26 +24,26 @@ public:
>         ExposureModeHelper(const Span<std::pair<utils::Duration, double>> stages);
>         ~ExposureModeHelper() = default;
>
> -       void setLimits(utils::Duration minShutter, utils::Duration maxShutter,
> +       void setLimits(utils::Duration minExposureTime, utils::Duration maxExposureTime,
>                        double minGain, double maxGain);
>
>         std::tuple<utils::Duration, double, double>
>         splitExposure(utils::Duration exposure) const;
>
> -       utils::Duration minShutter() const { return minShutter_; }
> -       utils::Duration maxShutter() const { return maxShutter_; }
> +       utils::Duration minExposureTime() const { return minExposureTime_; }
> +       utils::Duration maxExposureTime() const { return maxExposureTime_; }
>         double minGain() const { return minGain_; }
>         double maxGain() const { return maxGain_; }
>
>  private:
> -       utils::Duration clampShutter(utils::Duration shutter) const;
> +       utils::Duration clampExposureTime(utils::Duration exposureTime) const;
>         double clampGain(double gain) const;
>
> -       std::vector<utils::Duration> shutters_;
> +       std::vector<utils::Duration> exposureTimes_;
>         std::vector<double> gains_;
>
> -       utils::Duration minShutter_;
> -       utils::Duration maxShutter_;
> +       utils::Duration minExposureTime_;
> +       utils::Duration maxExposureTime_;
>         double minGain_;
>         double maxGain_;
>  };
> diff --git a/src/ipa/rkisp1/algorithms/agc.cpp b/src/ipa/rkisp1/algorithms/agc.cpp
> index 301b7ec26508..40e5a8f481b2 100644
> --- a/src/ipa/rkisp1/algorithms/agc.cpp
> +++ b/src/ipa/rkisp1/algorithms/agc.cpp
> @@ -183,7 +183,7 @@ int Agc::configure(IPAContext &context, const IPACameraSensorInfo &configInfo)
>          * except it's computed in the IPA and not here so we'd have to
>          * recompute it.
>          */
> -       context.activeState.agc.maxFrameDuration = context.configuration.sensor.maxShutterSpeed;
> +       context.activeState.agc.maxFrameDuration = context.configuration.sensor.maxExposureTime;
>
>         /*
>          * Define the measurement window for AGC as a centered rectangle
> @@ -194,8 +194,8 @@ int Agc::configure(IPAContext &context, const IPACameraSensorInfo &configInfo)
>         context.configuration.agc.measureWindow.h_size = 3 * configInfo.outputSize.width / 4;
>         context.configuration.agc.measureWindow.v_size = 3 * configInfo.outputSize.height / 4;
>
> -       setLimits(context.configuration.sensor.minShutterSpeed,
> -                 context.configuration.sensor.maxShutterSpeed,
> +       setLimits(context.configuration.sensor.minExposureTime,
> +                 context.configuration.sensor.maxExposureTime,
>                   context.configuration.sensor.minAnalogueGain,
>                   context.configuration.sensor.maxAnalogueGain);
>
> @@ -424,12 +424,12 @@ void Agc::process(IPAContext &context, [[maybe_unused]] const uint32_t frame,
>                        [](uint32_t x) { return x >> 4; });
>         expMeans_ = { params->ae.exp_mean, context.hw->numAeCells };
>
> -       utils::Duration maxShutterSpeed =
> +       utils::Duration maxExposureTime =
>                 std::clamp(frameContext.agc.maxFrameDuration,
> -                          context.configuration.sensor.minShutterSpeed,
> -                          context.configuration.sensor.maxShutterSpeed);
> -       setLimits(context.configuration.sensor.minShutterSpeed,
> -                 maxShutterSpeed,
> +                          context.configuration.sensor.minExposureTime,
> +                          context.configuration.sensor.maxExposureTime);
> +       setLimits(context.configuration.sensor.minExposureTime,
> +                 maxExposureTime,
>                   context.configuration.sensor.minAnalogueGain,
>                   context.configuration.sensor.maxAnalogueGain);
>
> @@ -442,20 +442,21 @@ void Agc::process(IPAContext &context, [[maybe_unused]] const uint32_t frame,
>         double analogueGain = frameContext.sensor.gain;
>         utils::Duration effectiveExposureValue = exposureTime * analogueGain;
>
> -       utils::Duration shutterTime;
> +       utils::Duration newExposureTime;
>         double aGain, dGain;
> -       std::tie(shutterTime, aGain, dGain) =
> +       std::tie(newExposureTime, aGain, dGain) =
>                 calculateNewEv(frameContext.agc.constraintMode,
>                                frameContext.agc.exposureMode,
>                                hist, effectiveExposureValue);
>
>         LOG(RkISP1Agc, Debug)
> -               << "Divided up shutter, analogue gain and digital gain are "
> -               << shutterTime << ", " << aGain << " and " << dGain;
> +               << "Divided up exposure time, analogue gain and digital gain are "
> +               << newExposureTime << ", " << aGain << " and " << dGain;
>
>         IPAActiveState &activeState = context.activeState;
>         /* Update the estimated exposure and gain. */
> -       activeState.agc.automatic.exposure = shutterTime / context.configuration.sensor.lineDuration;
> +       activeState.agc.automatic.exposure = newExposureTime
> +                                          / context.configuration.sensor.lineDuration;
>         activeState.agc.automatic.gain = aGain;
>
>         fillMetadata(context, frameContext, metadata);
> diff --git a/src/ipa/rkisp1/ipa_context.cpp b/src/ipa/rkisp1/ipa_context.cpp
> index 14d0c02a2b32..833e2cbb784f 100644
> --- a/src/ipa/rkisp1/ipa_context.cpp
> +++ b/src/ipa/rkisp1/ipa_context.cpp
> @@ -78,11 +78,11 @@ namespace libcamera::ipa::rkisp1 {
>   * \var IPASessionConfiguration::sensor
>   * \brief Sensor-specific configuration of the IPA
>   *
> - * \var IPASessionConfiguration::sensor.minShutterSpeed
> - * \brief Minimum shutter speed supported with the sensor
> + * \var IPASessionConfiguration::sensor.minExposureTime
> + * \brief Minimum exposure time supported with the sensor
>   *
> - * \var IPASessionConfiguration::sensor.maxShutterSpeed
> - * \brief Maximum shutter speed supported with the sensor
> + * \var IPASessionConfiguration::sensor.maxExposureTime
> + * \brief Maximum exposure time supported with the sensor
>   *
>   * \var IPASessionConfiguration::sensor.minAnalogueGain
>   * \brief Minimum analogue gain supported with the sensor
> diff --git a/src/ipa/rkisp1/ipa_context.h b/src/ipa/rkisp1/ipa_context.h
> index e274d9b01e1c..5fc53011d9b4 100644
> --- a/src/ipa/rkisp1/ipa_context.h
> +++ b/src/ipa/rkisp1/ipa_context.h
> @@ -50,8 +50,8 @@ struct IPASessionConfiguration {
>         } lsc;
>
>         struct {
> -               utils::Duration minShutterSpeed;
> -               utils::Duration maxShutterSpeed;
> +               utils::Duration minExposureTime;
> +               utils::Duration maxExposureTime;
>                 double minAnalogueGain;
>                 double maxAnalogueGain;
>
> diff --git a/src/ipa/rkisp1/rkisp1.cpp b/src/ipa/rkisp1/rkisp1.cpp
> index 9e161cabdea4..69417b9ec6bf 100644
> --- a/src/ipa/rkisp1/rkisp1.cpp
> +++ b/src/ipa/rkisp1/rkisp1.cpp
> @@ -256,14 +256,14 @@ int IPARkISP1::configure(const IPAConfigInfo &ipaConfig,
>
>         /*
>          * When the AGC computes the new exposure values for a frame, it needs
> -        * to know the limits for shutter speed and analogue gain.
> -        * As it depends on the sensor, update it with the controls.
> +        * to know the limits for exposure time and analogue gain. As it depends
> +        * on the sensor, update it with the controls.
>          *
> -        * \todo take VBLANK into account for maximum shutter speed
> +        * \todo take VBLANK into account for maximum exposure time
>          */
> -       context_.configuration.sensor.minShutterSpeed =
> +       context_.configuration.sensor.minExposureTime =
>                 minExposure * context_.configuration.sensor.lineDuration;
> -       context_.configuration.sensor.maxShutterSpeed =
> +       context_.configuration.sensor.maxExposureTime =
>                 maxExposure * context_.configuration.sensor.lineDuration;
>         context_.configuration.sensor.minAnalogueGain =
>                 context_.camHelper->gain(minGain);
> diff --git a/src/libcamera/control_ids_core.yaml b/src/libcamera/control_ids_core.yaml
> index 1b1bd9507d25..438a5d003750 100644
> --- a/src/libcamera/control_ids_core.yaml
> +++ b/src/libcamera/control_ids_core.yaml
> @@ -102,7 +102,7 @@ controls:
>          Specify an exposure mode for the AE algorithm to use.
>
>          The exposure modes specify how the desired total exposure is divided
> -        between the shutter time and the sensor's analogue gain. They are
> +        between the exposure time and the sensor's analogue gain. They are
>          platform specific, and not all exposure modes may be supported.
>        enum:
>          - name: ExposureNormal
> @@ -135,8 +135,7 @@ controls:
>    - ExposureTime:
>        type: int32_t
>        description: |
> -        Exposure time (shutter speed) for the frame applied in the sensor
> -        device.
> +        Exposure time for the frame applied in the sensor device.
>
>          This value is specified in micro-seconds.
>
> @@ -463,14 +462,13 @@ controls:
>          values to be the same. Setting both values to 0 reverts to using the
>          camera defaults.
>
> -        The maximum frame duration provides the absolute limit to the shutter
> -        speed computed by the AE algorithm and it overrides any exposure mode
> +        The maximum frame duration provides the absolute limit to the exposure
> +        time computed by the AE algorithm and it overrides any exposure mode
>          setting specified with controls::AeExposureMode. Similarly, when a
>          manual exposure time is set through controls::ExposureTime, it also
>          gets clipped to the limits set by this control. When reported in
> -        metadata, the control expresses the minimum and maximum frame
> -        durations used after being clipped to the sensor provided frame
> -        duration limits.
> +        metadata, the control expresses the minimum and maximum frame durations
> +        used after being clipped to the sensor provided frame duration limits.
>
>          \sa AeExposureMode
>          \sa ExposureTime
>
> base-commit: 80a7ccd3add45eb56fda6f1fb445017ac01fea7a
> prerequisite-patch-id: 19ba9a578d3e04662488c7189f88ffea94c769fe
> --
> Regards,
>
> Laurent Pinchart
>


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